Protein are present in every living cell; they are essential to life. The body uses Protein for building, maintaining, repairing, and replacing tissues. Protein also act as regulators in the body, helping to keep the body's chemistry balanced. They are a part of such substances as hormones (including insulin) and antibodies.

The building blocks of proteins are the twenty-two amino acids. Eight to ten of these cannot be manufactured by the body in sufficient amounts and must be provided by foods. These are called the essential amino acids (EAA).

Amino acids are found in animal and plant sources. Animal sources (meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and cheese ) supply “complete” proteins; that is, they contain the essential amino acids in amounts needed by the body. Plant sources (dried peas, beans, nuts, seeds, grains, and cereals ) are short in one or more essential amino acids.

You can meet your needs for amino acids by combining different plant sources so the essential amino acids short in one plant are supplied by a second plant source. Plant protein may also be
combined with animal protein to enhance its value to the body. Unlike most animal proteins, plant proteins also contain carbohydrate.

Examples of plant combinations which provide complete protein are:

Corn bread and garbanzo beans
Split pea and barley soup
Whole wheat bread and peanut butter
Lentils and rice
Corn and lima beans

The body's highest priority is for energy. If too few carbohydrate and fat calories are eaten to supply the energy needs, protein will be used for energy rather than for the functions listed above.

When excess protein calories are eaten, they are broken down
by the body and stored as fat.

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